Agricultural transformation and rural development are central to achieving the vision of a developed India (Viksit Bharat 2047). Agriculture continues to support nearly half of India’s workforce while contributing significantly to food security, rural livelihoods, and economic stability. However, low productivity, fragmented landholdings, rural poverty, climate change, and inadequate infrastructure continue to constrain rural development. This research article examines the role of agricultural transformation in promoting inclusive rural development and achieving sustainable economic growth in India. The study is based on secondary data collected from government reports, OECD studies, research journals, and policy documents. The article analyzes trends in agricultural productivity, rural employment, digital agriculture, infrastructure development, and structural transformation. The findings indicate that modernization of agriculture through technology adoption, rural infrastructure, diversification, digital farming, and institutional reforms can significantly enhance rural incomes and contribute to the realization of Developed India by 2047. The paper concludes with policy recommendations focusing on sustainable agriculture, rural industrialization, digital inclusion, and farmer welfare.